Trade: Import and Export

Some foods are imported because they are difficult or impossible to grow in Canada year-round, while others help supplement domestic production during certain seasons. Imported products expand consumer choice and help maintain consistent food availability throughout the year. Imported food sold in Canada must meet applicable Canadian food safety requirements, with the CFIA providing federal regulatory oversight through import controls, inspection, and compliance activities.

Canada exports a wide range of agricultural products and food ingredients to countries around the world. These exports create opportunities for Canadian farmers, food processors, and manufacturers while helping feed growing global populations. Export markets also support continued investment across Canada’s Food System.

Canada trades food with many countries through long-standing commercial relationships and trade agreements. These partnerships help move food efficiently across borders while supporting businesses throughout the food supply chain. International cooperation also helps strengthen market access for Canadian agriculture.

Trade contributes to food security by helping balance supply and demand throughout the year. Imports can supplement domestic production when needed, while exports create stable markets for Canadian producers. Together, these trade relationships support a more resilient food system that can respond to changing conditions.

Domestic and international markets both contribute to Canada’s food economy. Producers, processors, manufacturers, importers, exporters, transportation companies, retailers, and many other businesses help supply Canadians while, where appropriate, connecting Canadian food and ingredients with markets around the world. Together, these activities support jobs, economic opportunity, and a resilient Canadian food system.